Interleukin 32 or NK4 from MyBioSource.com

Alternate Nomenclature: N-terminal segment and four kringle domains (NK4), NK cell Transcript 4, IL32 alpha, IL32A. IL-6, and chemokines. IL32 is produced by T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, epithelial cells and blood monocytes (1). The proinflammatory properties of IL32 include induction of other proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines suh as TNFalpha, IL-1beta, IL6 and IL8 by activation of NF-kB and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (1, 2). IL32 augment 10-foldproduction of IL1Band IL6 induced by muramyl dipeptides by NOD1 and NOD2 doamins through caspase 1-dependent mechanism. Elevated levels of IL32 were noted in synovial tissues of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and the levels coincide with the severity of disease (3). The IL32 gene is located on chromosome 16p13.3 and at least 4 different mRNA transcripts resulting from mRNA splicing are known, the IL32 being the most abundant in A549 cells. IL32 binds to myeloblastin also known as Wegener autoantigen or proteinsase 3 (PR3) which is a serine protease in neutrophiles and monocytes that is capable of processing multiple biological substrate (4). There are 4 isoforms of this interleukin A, B, C and D that have an effect on induction of TNFalpha, IL-1beta, IL6 and chemokines respectively. The IL32 alpha isoform specifically binds with a 30kDa proteinase (PR3) in macrophages (1). The IL32 alpha is secreted from several cells upon stimulation of some inflammatory cytokines such as IL-18, IL-1beta, IFN-gamma and IL-12. The IL32 also induces production of tumor necrosis factor, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2 and IL-8 in monocytic cell lines, suggesting that this factor may be involved in the inflammatory responses. Based on these findings, NK4 was renamed IL-32. IL32 induction in activated T cells causes aoptosis and downregulaiton of IL32 rescued the cells form apoptosis in Hela cells (2). IL-32 is a cell-associated proinflammatory cytokine, which is specifically stimulated by mycobacteria through a caspase-1- and IL-18-dependent production of IFNgamma (3). Proinflammatory cytokine cascades also play important role in rheumatoid arthritis, ischemic colitis, the IL32 expression is elevated in synovial fluids of these patients (4). IL32 alpha is the shortest of the 4 isotypes of IL32 known, it is 134 amino acids (kDa) protein, the IL32B (beta) is 188, IL32C is 168 and IL32D is 179 amino acids long proteins. Each subtype has an N-terminal segment and four kringle domains (NK4), that interact with several other proteins including the hepatic growth factor via c-met a tyrosine receptor kinase (5). IL-32 synergized with the intracellular nuclear oligomerization domain receptors (NOD1- and NOD2- specific muropeptides of peptidoglycans for the release of IL-1beta and IL-6. In contrast, IL-32 did not influence the cytokine production induced via TLRs (6). The anti-IL32 selective antibodies were made against an epitope that lies near the C-terminal end of the protein. The antibodies to IL32 are affinity purified on immobilized affinity based chromatography and characterized for applications in ELISA and Western blotting. The antiIL32 antibodies recognize a single band of IL32 in PC-IL32 samples. The IL32 antibodies do not cross react with other pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory interleukins, or with other proteins. MyBioSource has also produced antibodies to other interleukins, interleukin receptors, cytokines and their receptors, for a complete listing please visit www.mybiosource.com. MyBioSource will also provide western blot positive control for IL32 and other interleukins in ready-to-use buffer for SDS-PAGE and Western blotting experiment. Limited quantities of antigenic blocking peptides are also available (please inquire about ordering)